See jb on Wiktionary
{
"forms": [
{
"form": "jbs",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "-",
"2": "s"
},
"expansion": "jb (usually uncountable, plural jbs)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"word": "jailbait"
}
],
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "English words spelled without vowels",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 3 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "18 1 1 5 9 2 20 2 1 1 1 2 5 2 1 2 2 27",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 3 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Initialism of jailbait."
],
"id": "en-jb-en-noun-XnTQaQ4b",
"links": [
[
"jailbait",
"jailbait#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"abbreviation",
"alt-of",
"initialism",
"uncountable",
"usually"
]
}
],
"word": "jb"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zh",
"2": "noun"
},
"expansion": "jb",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Chinese",
"lang_code": "zh",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"extra": "jībā",
"word": "雞巴 /鸡巴"
}
],
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Chinese entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Chinese terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Chinese terms written in foreign scripts",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 3 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"initialism of 雞巴 /鸡巴 (jībā)"
],
"id": "en-jb-zh-noun-hu2GvzwJ",
"links": [
[
"雞巴",
"雞巴#Chinese"
],
[
"鸡巴",
"鸡巴#Chinese"
]
],
"tags": [
"abbreviation",
"alt-of",
"initialism"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh_pron": "jībā"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Bopomofo"
],
"zh_pron": "ㄐㄧ ㄅㄚ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Standard-Chinese",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh_pron": "jībā"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Standard-Chinese",
"Bopomofo"
],
"zh_pron": "ㄐㄧ ㄅㄚ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Standard-Chinese",
"Tongyong-Pinyin"
],
"zh_pron": "jiba"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Standard-Chinese",
"Wade-Giles"
],
"zh_pron": "chi¹-pa¹"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Standard-Chinese",
"Yale"
],
"zh_pron": "jī-bā"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Standard-Chinese",
"Gwoyeu-Romatsyh"
],
"zh_pron": "jiba"
},
{
"roman": "cziba",
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Standard-Chinese",
"Palladius"
],
"zh_pron": "цзиба"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡ɕi⁵⁵ pä⁵⁵/",
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Standard-Chinese",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
}
],
"word": "jb"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "ꜣwj-jb"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "ꜣwt-jb"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "ꜣms-jb"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "ꜣḫ jb"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "ꜣḫ m jb"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "ꜣs jb"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "ꜣd jb r"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "jꜥj jb"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "jꜥw n jb"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "jb-n-nswt"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "jb-n-rꜥ"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "jp-jb"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "jp m jb"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "jmꜣ-jb"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "jmj jb"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "ꜥwn jb"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "ꜥm jb"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "ꜥq-jb"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "ꜥḏ-jb"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "wꜣḥ jb"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "wbꜣ jb"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "wnf jb"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "wḏꜣ jb"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "nj-jb"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "n jb"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "nfr-jb"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "ntt m jb"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "r-jb"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "r mḏdw n jb"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "rqj jb"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "rḏj jb"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "rḏj jb m sꜣ"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "rḏj jb"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "rḏj jb ḫnt"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "rḏj m jb"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "r ḏr jb"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "ḥrj jb"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "ḥr jb"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "ḥr jb"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "ẖꜣk-jb"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "swḏꜣ jb"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "st-jb"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "stẖ-pr-jb.sn"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "kfꜣ-jb"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "dꜣr jb"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Demotic Egyptian",
"lang_code": "egx-dem",
"word": "jb"
}
],
"etymology_number": "1",
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "egy",
"2": "afa-pro",
"3": "*lib-",
"t": "heart"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Afroasiatic *lib- (“heart”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sem-pro",
"2": "*libb-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Semitic *libb-",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "<span class=\"cited-source\">Loprieno, Antonio (<span class=\"None\" lang=\"und\">1995), <cite>Ancient Egyptian: A Linguistic Introduction</cite>, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, <small>→ISBN</small>, page 31</span></span>",
"name": "Loprieno"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "ref"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ber-pro",
"2": "*ulβ"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Berber *ulβ",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Speculatively, from Proto-Afroasiatic *lib- (“heart”); however, there is no scholarly consensus on sound correspondences between Egyptian and other Afroasiatic languages. If so, perhaps cognate with Proto-Semitic *libb- and Proto-Berber *ulβ.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "ib:Z1",
"tags": [
"canonical",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"form": "masculine",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "multilink",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "jb",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "jbwj",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "jbw",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "egy",
"2": "nouns",
"3": "",
"g": "m",
"g2": "",
"head": "<hiero>ib:Z1</hiero>"
},
"expansion": "ib:Z1 m",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "m",
"head": "ib:Z1"
},
"expansion": "ib:Z1 m",
"name": "egy-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Egyptian",
"lang_code": "egy",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "𓄣"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"heart (blood-pumping organ of a person or animal)"
],
"id": "en-jb-egy-noun-Qa7BwAxW",
"links": [
[
"heart",
"heart"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "ḥꜣtj"
}
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"core, heart, center"
],
"id": "en-jb-egy-noun-vyaF96sM",
"links": [
[
"core",
"core"
],
[
"heart",
"heart"
],
[
"center",
"center"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"english": "Truth is fixed in the minds of men […]",
"ref": "c. 1292-1189 BCE, (19th Dynasty), The Hymn to the Nile flood (Papyrus Chester Beatty V)",
"text": "s-mn:n-U32-Y1-U5:a-t-Sw-Y1:Z2-m-ib-Z1-ib-Z1-ib-Z1-r:T-A1*B1:Z2\nsmn mꜣꜥt m jbw rmṯ […]",
"translation": "Truth is fixed in the minds of men […]",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"mind; seat of thoughts, emotions, character, personality, etc."
],
"id": "en-jb-egy-noun-oeDUHiTo",
"links": [
[
"mind",
"mind"
],
[
"seat",
"seat"
],
[
"thought",
"thought"
],
[
"emotion",
"emotion"
],
[
"character",
"character"
],
[
"personality",
"personality"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "ḥꜣtj"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"english": "Wash yourself, put water on your fingers,\nso you might answer when you are addressed, speak to the king with your mind in your possession, and answer without stammering.",
"ref": "c. 2000 BCE – 1900 BCE, Tale of the Shipwrecked Sailor (pHermitage/pPetersburg 1115) lines 13–17",
"text": "i-a:N35B-a:t*W-i-im:m-a-mw-Hr-Z1-Dba-Z2:k\\-i-x-Y2-w-S-b-A2-k\\-w-Sd-d:t-A2-k\\-\n-md-d-w-A2-k\\:n-sw-t:n-G7-ib*Z1:k\\-m-a:k\\-w-S-b-A2-k\\-D35:n-n-i-t-i-t-A2\njꜥ tw jmj mw ḥr ḏbꜥw.k jḫ wšb.k wšd.t(w).k mdw.k n nswt jb.k m-ꜥ.k wšb.k nn njtjt",
"translation": "Wash yourself, put water on your fingers,\nso you might answer when you are addressed, speak to the king with your mind in your possession, and answer without stammering.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"english": "The mind is done with, not being able to remember yesterday.",
"ref": "c. 1900 BCE, The Instructions of Ptahhotep (pPrisse/pBN 186–194) line 5.1",
"roman": "jb tm.w nj sḫꜣ.n.f sf",
"text": "ib-Z1-tm-m-W-nDs:D35-s-xA-A-A2-n:f-S30-ra",
"translation": "The mind is done with, not being able to remember yesterday.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"mental faculties"
],
"id": "en-jb-egy-noun-rn0xsVT8",
"links": [
[
"mental",
"mental"
],
[
"faculties",
"faculty"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"english": "It was my mind that advanced my position.",
"ref": "c. 1876 BCE, after year 2 of Amenemhat II, Stele of Wepwawetaa (Leiden V4/AP 63), line 6",
"roman": "jn jb.j sḫnt st.j",
"text": "i-n:ib*Z1-A1-s\\-xnt-n:t:fnD-st-t:pr-A1",
"translation": "It was my mind that advanced my position.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"english": "He is one who listens to the mind when he investigates the counsel of strange things no less than that with which the mind accords, one who finds the expression when it is found blank, a possessor of wisdom, the confidant of the sovereign, […]",
"ref": "c. 1391–1353 BCE, reign of Amenhotep III, Statue E of Amenhotep son of Hapu (Cairo CG 583 + 835), line 7",
"text": "s-HASH-m-ib*Z1:p-w-D:a:r:f-zH:Z1*pr-x:p-p:t-w-Z2ss:H_SPACE-mi-i-n:t*y:ib*Z1-x*t:f:z-\n-gm:Tz-z:W*A2-ti-sw-w-m-gm:D3-nb:s*Aa18-r:t*A2-mH:Y1:ib*Z1-i-ti-i-i-A23\ns[ḏ]m jb pw ḏꜥr.f zḥ ḫppwt mj ntj jb ḫft.s gm ṯz tj sw m gm-wš nb sꜣrt mḥ-jb jty",
"translation": "He is one who listens to the mind when he investigates the counsel of strange things no less than that with which the mind accords, one who finds the expression when it is found blank, a possessor of wisdom, the confidant of the sovereign, […]",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"intellect, understanding, mind, capacity for thought"
],
"id": "en-jb-egy-noun-rWZw76dL",
"links": [
[
"intellect",
"intellect"
],
[
"understanding",
"understanding"
],
[
"mind",
"mind"
],
[
"capacity",
"capacity"
],
[
"thought",
"thought"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "14 1 0 7 12 1 27 1 1 0 0 1 7 1 1 1 1 21",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "7 1 9 14 6 35 3 2 1 2 4 10 2 2 2 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Egyptian entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "7 2 10 15 2 38 2 2 2 0 2 9 2 2 0 2",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "egy",
"name": "Baby animals",
"orig": "egy:Baby animals",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"conscience, moral sense"
],
"id": "en-jb-egy-noun-BO74FVPI",
"links": [
[
"conscience",
"conscience"
],
[
"moral",
"moral"
],
[
"sense",
"sense"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Egyptian terms with collocations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_roman_offsets": [
[
4,
6
]
],
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
15,
17
],
[
30,
34
]
],
"bold_translation_offsets": [
[
10,
14
]
],
"english": "to do the will of",
"roman": "jrj jb",
"tags": [
"collocation"
],
"text": "ir-ib:Z1",
"translation": "to do the will of",
"type": "example"
},
{
"bold_roman_offsets": [
[
2,
4
]
],
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
14,
16
],
[
38,
42
]
],
"bold_translation_offsets": [
[
17,
21
]
],
"english": "according to his wish",
"roman": "n jb.f",
"tags": [
"collocation"
],
"text": "n-ib:Z1-f",
"translation": "according to his wish",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"intention, will"
],
"id": "en-jb-egy-noun-ngEpnPc7",
"links": [
[
"intention",
"intention"
],
[
"will",
"will"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"english": "If you drink with a drunkard, you should partake when his heart is satisfied.",
"ref": "c. 1900 BCE, The Instructions of Kagemni (pPrisse/pBN 183) lines 1.8–1.9",
"roman": "jr swrj.k ḥnꜥ tḫw šzp.k jw jb.f ḥtp.w",
"text": "i-r-s-wr-r-i-A2-k\\-H-n:a-t:x-w-W22-A1-O43-p-a:k\\-i-w-ib-Z1-f-Htp:t-p-w-Y1",
"translation": "If you drink with a drunkard, you should partake when his heart is satisfied.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"english": "One who is averted of face against feeding the heart (i.e. one who doesn’t indulge himself), the harsh man has to be more kindly to him than his (own) mother.",
"ref": "c. 1900 BCE, The Instructions of Kagemni (pPrisse/pBN 183) lines 1.11–1.12",
"text": "x-r-r-M6-nDs:n-Hr-Z1-r-d:f-A-G42-Y1-ib-Z1-\n-i-mA-A-m-iAm-Y1:n-f-k\\-A-h-s-E21-A24-r-mwt-t*B1:f\nḫr (tw)r n(j) ḥr r dfꜣ jb jmꜣ n.f kꜣhs r mwt.f",
"translation": "One who is averted of face against feeding the heart (i.e. one who doesn’t indulge himself), the harsh man has to be more kindly to him than his (own) mother.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"appetite; will or desire for gratification"
],
"id": "en-jb-egy-noun-KqowOR9h",
"links": [
[
"appetite",
"appetite"
],
[
"will",
"will"
],
[
"desire",
"desire"
],
[
"gratification",
"gratification"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"english": "Then, (as for) His Majesty, his mood fell into a bad state over this. Then Djedi said, Now what is this mood, O sovereign (life, prosperity, health!), my lord?",
"ref": "c. 1650 BCE – 1550 BCE, Tales from Papyrus Westcar (pWestcar/pBerlin 3033) lines 9.12–9.13",
"text": "wn:n-i-n-Hm-Z1-G7-f-ib-Z1-f-N31:r-Dw-W:t-nDs:Z2-Hr:r-s-\n-D:d-i-n-Dd-Dd-i-Y1:A1-p:t*y-tr-A2-i-r:f-G41-A-ib-Z1-i-A2-ti-i-i-G7-anx-DA-s-nb-G7-A1\nwn.jn ḥm.f jb.f wꜣ(.w) r ḏwt ḥr.s dḏ.jn ḏdj ptj jr.f pꜣ jb j (j)ty ꜥnḫ wḏꜣ snb nb.j",
"translation": "Then, (as for) His Majesty, his mood fell into a bad state over this. Then Djedi said, Now what is this mood, O sovereign (life, prosperity, health!), my lord?",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"english": "He found Ruddjedet sitting, her head on her knees and her mood worse than anything. Then he said to her, My lady, why are you engaging in this mood?",
"ref": "c. 1650 BCE – 1550 BCE, Tales from Papyrus Westcar (pWestcar/pBerlin 3033) lines 12.20–12.22",
"text": "gm-m-n:f-r:d-rwD-Y1-Dd-d:t*B1-N41:z-A7-ti-i-\n-tp-Z1-s-Hr-Z1-U1-A-st-t-rd-s-ib-Z1-s-Dw-Z9:nDs-r-x:t-Y1:Z2-nb:t-\n-aHa-a:n-D&d:n-f-n:z-H-nw:t-B1:A1-ir:r-t-G41-A-ib-Z1-Hr-Z1-m:a\ngm.n.f rwd-ḏdt ḥms.tj tp.s ḥr mꜣst.s jb.s ḏw(.w) r ḫt nbt ꜥḥꜥ.n ḏd.n.f n.s ḥnwt.j jrr.t pꜣ jb ḥr mj",
"translation": "He found Ruddjedet sitting, her head on her knees and her mood worse than anything. Then he said to her, My lady, why are you engaging in this mood?",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"mood, emotional state"
],
"id": "en-jb-egy-noun-feKwIBSS",
"links": [
[
"mood",
"mood"
],
[
"emotional",
"emotional"
],
[
"state",
"state"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/jib/",
"note": "reconstructed"
},
{
"ipa": "/jib/",
"note": "reconstructed"
},
{
"ipa": "/ʔeb/",
"note": "reconstructed"
},
{
"ipa": "/ʔep/",
"note": "reconstructed"
},
{
"ipa": "/jib/",
"note": "Old Egyptian, c. 2350 BCE"
},
{
"ipa": "/jib/",
"note": "Middle Egyptian, c. 1700 BCE"
},
{
"ipa": "/ʔeb/",
"note": "Amarna-period Late Egyptian, c. 1350 BCE"
},
{
"ipa": "/ʔep/",
"note": "Late Egyptian, c. 800 BCE"
},
{
"ipa": "/ib/",
"note": "modern Egyptological"
}
],
"word": "jb"
}
{
"etymology_number": "1",
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "egy",
"2": "afa-pro",
"3": "*lib-",
"t": "heart"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Afroasiatic *lib- (“heart”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sem-pro",
"2": "*libb-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Semitic *libb-",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "<span class=\"cited-source\">Loprieno, Antonio (<span class=\"None\" lang=\"und\">1995), <cite>Ancient Egyptian: A Linguistic Introduction</cite>, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, <small>→ISBN</small>, page 31</span></span>",
"name": "Loprieno"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "ref"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ber-pro",
"2": "*ulβ"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Berber *ulβ",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Speculatively, from Proto-Afroasiatic *lib- (“heart”); however, there is no scholarly consensus on sound correspondences between Egyptian and other Afroasiatic languages. If so, perhaps cognate with Proto-Semitic *libb- and Proto-Berber *ulβ.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "ib:Z1 2-lit.",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "archaic perfect perfective",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "egy-conj-2-lit",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "jb",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "jbw",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"infinitive",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "jb",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"infinitive",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "jbt",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "jb",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"infinitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "j.jb",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"infinitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "jb",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"infinitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "j.jb",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"infinitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "archaic perfect perfective",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "egy-conj-2-lit",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "jb",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"stative"
]
},
{
"form": "ḥr jb",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
]
},
{
"form": "m jb",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
]
},
{
"form": "r jb",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"prospective"
]
},
{
"form": "archaic perfect perfective",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "egy-conj-2-lit",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "jb.n",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"perfect"
]
},
{
"form": "jbw",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"passive",
"perfect"
]
},
{
"form": "jb",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"passive",
"perfect"
]
},
{
"form": "jb.jn",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"consecutive",
"contingent"
]
},
{
"form": "active + .tj¹, .tw",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"consecutive",
"contingent",
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "active + .tj¹, .tw",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"passive",
"perfect"
]
},
{
"form": "jbt",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"terminative"
]
},
{
"form": "jb",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"perfective"
]
},
{
"form": "active + .tj¹, .tw",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"passive",
"perfective"
]
},
{
"form": "jb.ḫr",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"obligative"
]
},
{
"form": "active + .tj¹, .tw",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"obligative",
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "jb",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"imperfective"
]
},
{
"form": "j.jb",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"imperfective"
]
},
{
"form": "active + .tj¹, .tw",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"imperfective",
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "jb",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"prospective"
]
},
{
"form": "jbb",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"passive",
"prospective"
]
},
{
"form": "jb.kꜣ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"potential"
]
},
{
"form": "active + .tj¹, .tw",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"passive",
"potential"
]
},
{
"form": "active + .tj¹, .tw",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"passive",
"prospective"
]
},
{
"form": "jb",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "j.jb",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "active + .tj¹, .tw",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"passive",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "archaic perfect perfective",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "egy-conj-2-lit",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "jb.n",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"participle",
"perfect",
"relative"
]
},
{
"form": "active + .tj¹, .tw",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"participle",
"passive",
"perfect",
"relative"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"participle",
"perfect"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"participle",
"passive",
"perfect"
]
},
{
"form": "jb",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"participle",
"perfective",
"relative"
]
},
{
"form": "active + .tj¹, .tw",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"participle",
"passive",
"perfective",
"relative"
]
},
{
"form": "jb",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"participle",
"perfective"
]
},
{
"form": "jbb",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"participle",
"passive",
"perfective"
]
},
{
"form": "jbbj",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"participle",
"passive",
"perfective"
]
},
{
"form": "jb",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"participle",
"passive",
"perfective"
]
},
{
"form": "jbw",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"participle",
"passive",
"perfective"
]
},
{
"form": "jby",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"participle",
"passive",
"perfective"
]
},
{
"form": "j.jb",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"imperfective",
"participle",
"relative"
]
},
{
"form": "jb",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"imperfective",
"participle",
"relative"
]
},
{
"form": "jby",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"imperfective",
"participle",
"relative"
]
},
{
"form": "jbw",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"imperfective",
"participle",
"relative"
]
},
{
"form": "active + .tj¹, .tw",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"imperfective",
"participle",
"passive",
"relative"
]
},
{
"form": "j.jb",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"imperfective",
"participle"
]
},
{
"form": "j.jbw",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"imperfective",
"participle"
]
},
{
"form": "jb",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"imperfective",
"participle"
]
},
{
"form": "jbj",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"imperfective",
"participle"
]
},
{
"form": "jby",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"imperfective",
"participle"
]
},
{
"form": "jb",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"imperfective",
"participle",
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "jbw",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"imperfective",
"participle",
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "jb",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"participle",
"prospective",
"relative"
]
},
{
"form": "jbtj",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"participle",
"prospective",
"relative"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"participle",
"passive",
"prospective",
"relative"
]
},
{
"form": "jbtj",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"participle",
"prospective"
]
},
{
"form": "jbt",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"participle",
"prospective"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "egy",
"2": "verbs",
"cat2": "",
"head": "<hiero>ib:Z1</hiero>"
},
"expansion": "ib:Z1",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "2-lit",
"head": "ib:Z1"
},
"expansion": "ib:Z1 2-lit.",
"name": "egy-verb"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "jb",
"2": "jbb"
},
"name": "egy-conj-2-lit"
},
{
"args": {
"cnsv": "jb.jn",
"comp-inf": "jbt",
"gem": "jbb",
"head": "jb",
"imp": "jb, j.jb",
"inf": "jb",
"intr": "",
"ipfv": "jb, j.jb1",
"ipfv-m": "m jb",
"ipfv-ptcp": "j.jb1, j.jbw1 5, jb, jbj6, jby6",
"ipfv-ptcp-pass": "jb, jbw5",
"ipfv-rel": "j.jb1, jb, jby, jbw5",
"ipfv-ḥr": "ḥr jb",
"neg-comp": "jbw, jb",
"notes": "⁵ Only in the masculine singular.\n⁶ Only in the masculine.\n⁷ Only in the feminine.",
"oblv": "jb.ḫr",
"pass": "jbw, jb",
"pfv": "jb",
"pfv-ptcp": "jb",
"pfv-ptcp-pass": "jbb, jbbj6, jb2, jbw2 5, jby2 5",
"pfv-rel": "jb",
"pot": "jb.kꜣ",
"prf": "jb.n",
"prf-rel": "jb.n",
"pros": "jb",
"pros-pass": "jbb",
"pros-ptcp": "jbtj4, jbt4",
"pros-r": "r jb",
"pros-rel": "jb, jbtj7",
"sbjv": "jb, j.jb1",
"stat": "jb",
"stem": "jb",
"term": "jbt",
"type": "biliteral / 2-lit. / 2rad."
},
"name": "egy-conj-table"
}
],
"lang": "Egyptian",
"lang_code": "egy",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"attestations": [
{
"date": "since Middle Kingdom literature",
"references": []
}
],
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"english": "I intend to save Egypt and smite the Asiatics.",
"ref": "c. 1552 BCE, Kamose, Carnarvon Tablet I (Cairo JE 41790)",
"text": "ib-Z1-A1-r-n:N42-m-A24-km-m-t:niwt-H-t:D40-T14-m-W-A14:Z2ss\njb.j r nḥm kmt ḥ(w)t ꜥꜣmw",
"translation": "I intend to save Egypt and smite the Asiatics.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to wish to, to intend to (do something)"
],
"id": "en-jb-egy-verb-btQ37eVc",
"links": [
[
"r",
"r#Egyptian"
],
[
"wish",
"wish"
],
[
"intend",
"intend"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(intransitive, with r) to wish to, to intend to (do something)"
],
"raw_tags": [
"with r"
],
"tags": [
"intransitive"
]
},
{
"attestations": [
{
"date": "since Middle Kingdom literature",
"references": []
}
],
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"to wish for, to want, to desire (something)"
],
"id": "en-jb-egy-verb-ax3xdWK9",
"links": [
[
"r",
"r#Egyptian"
],
[
"wish",
"wish"
],
[
"want",
"want"
],
[
"desire",
"desire"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(intransitive, with r) to wish for, to want, to desire (something)"
],
"raw_tags": [
"with r"
],
"tags": [
"intransitive"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/jib/",
"note": "reconstructed"
},
{
"ipa": "/jib/",
"note": "reconstructed"
},
{
"ipa": "/ʔeb/",
"note": "reconstructed"
},
{
"ipa": "/ʔep/",
"note": "reconstructed"
},
{
"ipa": "/jib/",
"note": "Old Egyptian, c. 2350 BCE"
},
{
"ipa": "/jib/",
"note": "Middle Egyptian, c. 1700 BCE"
},
{
"ipa": "/ʔeb/",
"note": "Amarna-period Late Egyptian, c. 1350 BCE"
},
{
"ipa": "/ʔep/",
"note": "Late Egyptian, c. 800 BCE"
},
{
"ipa": "/ib/",
"note": "modern Egyptological"
}
],
"word": "jb"
}
{
"etymology_number": "1",
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "egy",
"2": "afa-pro",
"3": "*lib-",
"t": "heart"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Afroasiatic *lib- (“heart”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sem-pro",
"2": "*libb-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Semitic *libb-",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "<span class=\"cited-source\">Loprieno, Antonio (<span class=\"None\" lang=\"und\">1995), <cite>Ancient Egyptian: A Linguistic Introduction</cite>, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, <small>→ISBN</small>, page 31</span></span>",
"name": "Loprieno"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "ref"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ber-pro",
"2": "*ulβ"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Berber *ulβ",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Speculatively, from Proto-Afroasiatic *lib- (“heart”); however, there is no scholarly consensus on sound correspondences between Egyptian and other Afroasiatic languages. If so, perhaps cognate with Proto-Semitic *libb- and Proto-Berber *ulβ.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "i-b-E8-A2 2-lit.",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "archaic perfect perfective",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "egy-conj-2-lit",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "jb",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "jbw",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"infinitive",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "jb",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"infinitive",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "jbt",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "jb",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"infinitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "j.jb",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"infinitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "jb",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"infinitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "j.jb",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"infinitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "archaic perfect perfective",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "egy-conj-2-lit",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "jb",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"stative"
]
},
{
"form": "ḥr jb",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
]
},
{
"form": "m jb",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
]
},
{
"form": "r jb",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"prospective"
]
},
{
"form": "archaic perfect perfective",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "egy-conj-2-lit",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "jb.n",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"perfect"
]
},
{
"form": "jbw",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"passive",
"perfect"
]
},
{
"form": "jb",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"passive",
"perfect"
]
},
{
"form": "jb.jn",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"consecutive",
"contingent"
]
},
{
"form": "active + .tj¹, .tw",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"consecutive",
"contingent",
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "active + .tj¹, .tw",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"passive",
"perfect"
]
},
{
"form": "jbt",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"terminative"
]
},
{
"form": "jb",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"perfective"
]
},
{
"form": "active + .tj¹, .tw",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"passive",
"perfective"
]
},
{
"form": "jb.ḫr",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"obligative"
]
},
{
"form": "active + .tj¹, .tw",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"obligative",
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "jb",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"imperfective"
]
},
{
"form": "j.jb",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"imperfective"
]
},
{
"form": "active + .tj¹, .tw",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"imperfective",
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "jb",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"prospective"
]
},
{
"form": "jbb",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"passive",
"prospective"
]
},
{
"form": "jb.kꜣ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"potential"
]
},
{
"form": "active + .tj¹, .tw",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"passive",
"potential"
]
},
{
"form": "active + .tj¹, .tw",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"passive",
"prospective"
]
},
{
"form": "jb",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "j.jb",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "active + .tj¹, .tw",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"passive",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "archaic perfect perfective",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "egy-conj-2-lit",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "jb.n",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"participle",
"perfect",
"relative"
]
},
{
"form": "active + .tj¹, .tw",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"participle",
"passive",
"perfect",
"relative"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"participle",
"perfect"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"participle",
"passive",
"perfect"
]
},
{
"form": "jb",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"participle",
"perfective",
"relative"
]
},
{
"form": "active + .tj¹, .tw",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"participle",
"passive",
"perfective",
"relative"
]
},
{
"form": "jb",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"participle",
"perfective"
]
},
{
"form": "jbb",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"participle",
"passive",
"perfective"
]
},
{
"form": "jbbj",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"participle",
"passive",
"perfective"
]
},
{
"form": "jb",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"participle",
"passive",
"perfective"
]
},
{
"form": "jbw",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"participle",
"passive",
"perfective"
]
},
{
"form": "jby",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"participle",
"passive",
"perfective"
]
},
{
"form": "j.jb",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"imperfective",
"participle",
"relative"
]
},
{
"form": "jb",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"imperfective",
"participle",
"relative"
]
},
{
"form": "jby",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"imperfective",
"participle",
"relative"
]
},
{
"form": "jbw",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"imperfective",
"participle",
"relative"
]
},
{
"form": "active + .tj¹, .tw",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"imperfective",
"participle",
"passive",
"relative"
]
},
{
"form": "j.jb",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"imperfective",
"participle"
]
},
{
"form": "j.jbw",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"imperfective",
"participle"
]
},
{
"form": "jb",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"imperfective",
"participle"
]
},
{
"form": "jbj",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"imperfective",
"participle"
]
},
{
"form": "jby",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"imperfective",
"participle"
]
},
{
"form": "jb",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"imperfective",
"participle",
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "jbw",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"imperfective",
"participle",
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "jb",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"participle",
"prospective",
"relative"
]
},
{
"form": "jbtj",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"participle",
"prospective",
"relative"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"participle",
"passive",
"prospective",
"relative"
]
},
{
"form": "jbtj",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"participle",
"prospective"
]
},
{
"form": "jbt",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"participle",
"prospective"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "egy",
"2": "verbs",
"cat2": "",
"head": "<hiero>i-b-E8-A2</hiero>"
},
"expansion": "i-b-E8-A2",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "2-lit",
"head": "i-b-E8-A2"
},
"expansion": "i-b-E8-A2 2-lit.",
"name": "egy-verb"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "jb",
"2": "jbb"
},
"name": "egy-conj-2-lit"
},
{
"args": {
"cnsv": "jb.jn",
"comp-inf": "jbt",
"gem": "jbb",
"head": "jb",
"imp": "jb, j.jb",
"inf": "jb",
"intr": "",
"ipfv": "jb, j.jb1",
"ipfv-m": "m jb",
"ipfv-ptcp": "j.jb1, j.jbw1 5, jb, jbj6, jby6",
"ipfv-ptcp-pass": "jb, jbw5",
"ipfv-rel": "j.jb1, jb, jby, jbw5",
"ipfv-ḥr": "ḥr jb",
"neg-comp": "jbw, jb",
"notes": "⁵ Only in the masculine singular.\n⁶ Only in the masculine.\n⁷ Only in the feminine.",
"oblv": "jb.ḫr",
"pass": "jbw, jb",
"pfv": "jb",
"pfv-ptcp": "jb",
"pfv-ptcp-pass": "jbb, jbbj6, jb2, jbw2 5, jby2 5",
"pfv-rel": "jb",
"pot": "jb.kꜣ",
"prf": "jb.n",
"prf-rel": "jb.n",
"pros": "jb",
"pros-pass": "jbb",
"pros-ptcp": "jbtj4, jbt4",
"pros-r": "r jb",
"pros-rel": "jb, jbtj7",
"sbjv": "jb, j.jb1",
"stat": "jb",
"stem": "jb",
"term": "jbt",
"type": "biliteral / 2-lit. / 2rad."
},
"name": "egy-conj-table"
}
],
"lang": "Egyptian",
"lang_code": "egy",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"attestations": [
{
"date": "since Middle Kingdom literature",
"references": []
}
],
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"english": "I thought, ‘It is a wave of the sea.’",
"ref": "c. 2000 BCE – 1900 BCE, Tale of the Shipwrecked Sailor (pHermitage/pPetersburg 1115) lines 57–59",
"text": "i-b-E8-k\\-w-A1-wA-A-w-mw-p*W:n-M14-wr-r:N36\njb.kw wꜣw pw n(j) wꜣḏ-wr",
"translation": "I thought, ‘It is a wave of the sea.’",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to think, to suppose"
],
"id": "en-jb-egy-verb-3p2ZOphL",
"links": [
[
"think",
"think"
],
[
"suppose",
"suppose"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) to think, to suppose"
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/jib/",
"note": "reconstructed"
},
{
"ipa": "/jib/",
"note": "reconstructed"
},
{
"ipa": "/ʔeb/",
"note": "reconstructed"
},
{
"ipa": "/ʔep/",
"note": "reconstructed"
},
{
"ipa": "/jib/",
"note": "Old Egyptian, c. 2350 BCE"
},
{
"ipa": "/jib/",
"note": "Middle Egyptian, c. 1700 BCE"
},
{
"ipa": "/ʔeb/",
"note": "Amarna-period Late Egyptian, c. 1350 BCE"
},
{
"ipa": "/ʔep/",
"note": "Late Egyptian, c. 800 BCE"
},
{
"ipa": "/ib/",
"note": "modern Egyptological"
}
],
"word": "jb"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Demotic Egyptian",
"lang_code": "egx-dem",
"word": "yb"
}
],
"etymology_number": "2",
"forms": [
{
"form": "i-b-E8-F27",
"tags": [
"canonical",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"form": "masculine",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "multilink",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "jb",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "jbwj",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "jbw",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "egy",
"2": "nouns",
"3": "",
"g": "m",
"g2": "",
"head": "<hiero>i-b-E8-F27</hiero>"
},
"expansion": "i-b-E8-F27 m",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "m",
"head": "i-b-E8-F27"
},
"expansion": "i-b-E8-F27 m",
"name": "egy-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Egyptian",
"lang_code": "egy",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"attestations": [
{
"date": "Middle Kingdom literature and 18th Dynasty",
"references": []
}
],
"glosses": [
"goat kid"
],
"id": "en-jb-egy-noun-vbU74FxX",
"links": [
[
"goat",
"goat"
],
[
"kid",
"kid"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ib/",
"note": "modern Egyptological"
}
],
"word": "jb"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Demotic Egyptian",
"lang_code": "egx-dem",
"word": "jb"
}
],
"etymology_number": "3",
"etymology_text": "Nominalization of the perfective active participle of jbj (“to be(come) thirsty”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "i-b-E8-A2-A1",
"tags": [
"canonical",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"form": "masculine",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "multilink",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "jb",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "jbwj",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "jbw",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "egy",
"2": "nouns",
"3": "",
"g": "m",
"g2": "",
"head": "<hiero>i-b-E8-A2-A1</hiero>"
},
"expansion": "i-b-E8-A2-A1 m",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "m",
"head": "i-b-E8-A2-A1"
},
"expansion": "i-b-E8-A2-A1 m",
"name": "egy-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Egyptian",
"lang_code": "egy",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "5 5 5 6 5 13 5 5 5 0 19 2 11 11 0 5",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "egy",
"name": "Anatomy",
"orig": "egy:Anatomy",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"thirsty man"
],
"id": "en-jb-egy-noun-sd1DDNFI",
"links": [
[
"thirsty",
"thirsty"
],
[
"man",
"man"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ib/",
"note": "modern Egyptological"
}
],
"word": "jb"
}
{
"etymology_number": "4",
"forms": [
{
"form": "i-b-A32 3-lit.",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "egy",
"2": "verbs",
"cat2": "",
"head": "<hiero>i-b-A32</hiero>"
},
"expansion": "i-b-A32",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "3-lit",
"head": "i-b-A32"
},
"expansion": "i-b-A32 3-lit.",
"name": "egy-verb"
}
],
"lang": "Egyptian",
"lang_code": "egy",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"extra": "to dance",
"word": "jbꜣ"
}
],
"attestations": [
{
"date": "18th Dynasty",
"references": []
}
],
"glosses": [
"alternative form of jbꜣ (“to dance”)"
],
"id": "en-jb-egy-verb-8PTSLACk",
"links": [
[
"jbꜣ",
"jbꜣ#Egyptian"
]
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"alternative"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ib/",
"note": "modern Egyptological"
}
],
"word": "jb"
}
{
"etymology_number": "5",
"forms": [
{
"form": "i-b-pr",
"tags": [
"canonical",
"masculine"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "egy",
"2": "nouns",
"3": "",
"g": "m",
"g2": "",
"head": "<hiero>i-b-pr</hiero>"
},
"expansion": "i-b-pr m",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "m",
"head": "i-b-pr"
},
"expansion": "i-b-pr m",
"name": "egy-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Egyptian",
"lang_code": "egy",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"extra": "refuge",
"word": "jbw"
}
],
"glosses": [
"alternative form of jbw (“refuge”)"
],
"id": "en-jb-egy-noun-MztcJdBS",
"links": [
[
"jbw",
"jbw#Egyptian"
]
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"alternative"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ib/",
"note": "modern Egyptological"
}
],
"word": "jb"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 3 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"egy:Anatomy",
"egy:Baby animals"
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zh",
"2": "noun"
},
"expansion": "jb",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Chinese",
"lang_code": "zh",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"extra": "jībā",
"word": "雞巴 /鸡巴"
}
],
"categories": [
"Chinese entries with incorrect language header",
"Chinese initialisms",
"Chinese lemmas",
"Chinese nouns",
"Chinese phrases",
"Chinese terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Chinese terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"Chinese terms written in foreign scripts",
"Mandarin lemmas",
"Mandarin phrases",
"Pages with 3 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"glosses": [
"initialism of 雞巴 /鸡巴 (jībā)"
],
"links": [
[
"雞巴",
"雞巴#Chinese"
],
[
"鸡巴",
"鸡巴#Chinese"
]
],
"tags": [
"abbreviation",
"alt-of",
"initialism"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh_pron": "jībā"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Bopomofo"
],
"zh_pron": "ㄐㄧ ㄅㄚ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Standard-Chinese",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh_pron": "jībā"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Standard-Chinese",
"Bopomofo"
],
"zh_pron": "ㄐㄧ ㄅㄚ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Standard-Chinese",
"Tongyong-Pinyin"
],
"zh_pron": "jiba"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Standard-Chinese",
"Wade-Giles"
],
"zh_pron": "chi¹-pa¹"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Standard-Chinese",
"Yale"
],
"zh_pron": "jī-bā"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Standard-Chinese",
"Gwoyeu-Romatsyh"
],
"zh_pron": "jiba"
},
{
"roman": "cziba",
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Standard-Chinese",
"Palladius"
],
"zh_pron": "цзиба"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡ɕi⁵⁵ pä⁵⁵/",
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Standard-Chinese",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
}
],
"word": "jb"
}
{
"categories": [
"Egyptian entries with incorrect language header",
"Egyptian lemmas",
"Egyptian masculine nouns",
"Egyptian nouns",
"Egyptian strong biliteral verbs",
"Egyptian terms derived from Proto-Afroasiatic",
"Egyptian terms inherited from Proto-Afroasiatic",
"Egyptian terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Egyptian terms with reconstructed Amarna-period Late Egyptian IPA pronunciation",
"Egyptian terms with reconstructed IPA pronunciation",
"Egyptian terms with reconstructed Late Egyptian IPA pronunciation",
"Egyptian terms with reconstructed Middle Egyptian IPA pronunciation",
"Egyptian terms with reconstructed Old Egyptian IPA pronunciation",
"Egyptian verbs",
"Pages with 3 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"egy:Anatomy",
"egy:Baby animals"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "ꜣwj-jb"
},
{
"word": "ꜣwt-jb"
},
{
"word": "ꜣms-jb"
},
{
"word": "ꜣḫ jb"
},
{
"word": "ꜣḫ m jb"
},
{
"word": "ꜣs jb"
},
{
"word": "ꜣd jb r"
},
{
"word": "jꜥj jb"
},
{
"word": "jꜥw n jb"
},
{
"word": "jb-n-nswt"
},
{
"word": "jb-n-rꜥ"
},
{
"word": "jp-jb"
},
{
"word": "jp m jb"
},
{
"word": "jmꜣ-jb"
},
{
"word": "jmj jb"
},
{
"word": "ꜥwn jb"
},
{
"word": "ꜥm jb"
},
{
"word": "ꜥq-jb"
},
{
"word": "ꜥḏ-jb"
},
{
"word": "wꜣḥ jb"
},
{
"word": "wbꜣ jb"
},
{
"word": "wnf jb"
},
{
"word": "wḏꜣ jb"
},
{
"word": "nj-jb"
},
{
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "n jb"
},
{
"word": "nfr-jb"
},
{
"word": "ntt m jb"
},
{
"word": "r-jb"
},
{
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "r mḏdw n jb"
},
{
"word": "rqj jb"
},
{
"word": "rḏj jb"
},
{
"word": "rḏj jb m sꜣ"
},
{
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "rḏj jb"
},
{
"word": "rḏj jb ḫnt"
},
{
"word": "rḏj m jb"
},
{
"word": "r ḏr jb"
},
{
"word": "ḥrj jb"
},
{
"word": "ḥr jb"
},
{
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "ḥr jb"
},
{
"word": "ẖꜣk-jb"
},
{
"word": "swḏꜣ jb"
},
{
"word": "st-jb"
},
{
"word": "stẖ-pr-jb.sn"
},
{
"word": "kfꜣ-jb"
},
{
"word": "dꜣr jb"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Demotic Egyptian",
"lang_code": "egx-dem",
"word": "jb"
}
],
"etymology_number": "1",
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "egy",
"2": "afa-pro",
"3": "*lib-",
"t": "heart"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Afroasiatic *lib- (“heart”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sem-pro",
"2": "*libb-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Semitic *libb-",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "<span class=\"cited-source\">Loprieno, Antonio (<span class=\"None\" lang=\"und\">1995), <cite>Ancient Egyptian: A Linguistic Introduction</cite>, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, <small>→ISBN</small>, page 31</span></span>",
"name": "Loprieno"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "ref"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ber-pro",
"2": "*ulβ"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Berber *ulβ",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Speculatively, from Proto-Afroasiatic *lib- (“heart”); however, there is no scholarly consensus on sound correspondences between Egyptian and other Afroasiatic languages. If so, perhaps cognate with Proto-Semitic *libb- and Proto-Berber *ulβ.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "ib:Z1",
"tags": [
"canonical",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"form": "masculine",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "multilink",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "jb",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "jbwj",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "jbw",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "egy",
"2": "nouns",
"3": "",
"g": "m",
"g2": "",
"head": "<hiero>ib:Z1</hiero>"
},
"expansion": "ib:Z1 m",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "m",
"head": "ib:Z1"
},
"expansion": "ib:Z1 m",
"name": "egy-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Egyptian",
"lang_code": "egy",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"word": "𓄣"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"heart (blood-pumping organ of a person or animal)"
],
"links": [
[
"heart",
"heart"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "ḥꜣtj"
}
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"core, heart, center"
],
"links": [
[
"core",
"core"
],
[
"heart",
"heart"
],
[
"center",
"center"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Egyptian terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "Truth is fixed in the minds of men […]",
"ref": "c. 1292-1189 BCE, (19th Dynasty), The Hymn to the Nile flood (Papyrus Chester Beatty V)",
"text": "s-mn:n-U32-Y1-U5:a-t-Sw-Y1:Z2-m-ib-Z1-ib-Z1-ib-Z1-r:T-A1*B1:Z2\nsmn mꜣꜥt m jbw rmṯ […]",
"translation": "Truth is fixed in the minds of men […]",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"mind; seat of thoughts, emotions, character, personality, etc."
],
"links": [
[
"mind",
"mind"
],
[
"seat",
"seat"
],
[
"thought",
"thought"
],
[
"emotion",
"emotion"
],
[
"character",
"character"
],
[
"personality",
"personality"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "ḥꜣtj"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Egyptian terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "Wash yourself, put water on your fingers,\nso you might answer when you are addressed, speak to the king with your mind in your possession, and answer without stammering.",
"ref": "c. 2000 BCE – 1900 BCE, Tale of the Shipwrecked Sailor (pHermitage/pPetersburg 1115) lines 13–17",
"text": "i-a:N35B-a:t*W-i-im:m-a-mw-Hr-Z1-Dba-Z2:k\\-i-x-Y2-w-S-b-A2-k\\-w-Sd-d:t-A2-k\\-\n-md-d-w-A2-k\\:n-sw-t:n-G7-ib*Z1:k\\-m-a:k\\-w-S-b-A2-k\\-D35:n-n-i-t-i-t-A2\njꜥ tw jmj mw ḥr ḏbꜥw.k jḫ wšb.k wšd.t(w).k mdw.k n nswt jb.k m-ꜥ.k wšb.k nn njtjt",
"translation": "Wash yourself, put water on your fingers,\nso you might answer when you are addressed, speak to the king with your mind in your possession, and answer without stammering.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"english": "The mind is done with, not being able to remember yesterday.",
"ref": "c. 1900 BCE, The Instructions of Ptahhotep (pPrisse/pBN 186–194) line 5.1",
"roman": "jb tm.w nj sḫꜣ.n.f sf",
"text": "ib-Z1-tm-m-W-nDs:D35-s-xA-A-A2-n:f-S30-ra",
"translation": "The mind is done with, not being able to remember yesterday.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"mental faculties"
],
"links": [
[
"mental",
"mental"
],
[
"faculties",
"faculty"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Egyptian terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "It was my mind that advanced my position.",
"ref": "c. 1876 BCE, after year 2 of Amenemhat II, Stele of Wepwawetaa (Leiden V4/AP 63), line 6",
"roman": "jn jb.j sḫnt st.j",
"text": "i-n:ib*Z1-A1-s\\-xnt-n:t:fnD-st-t:pr-A1",
"translation": "It was my mind that advanced my position.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"english": "He is one who listens to the mind when he investigates the counsel of strange things no less than that with which the mind accords, one who finds the expression when it is found blank, a possessor of wisdom, the confidant of the sovereign, […]",
"ref": "c. 1391–1353 BCE, reign of Amenhotep III, Statue E of Amenhotep son of Hapu (Cairo CG 583 + 835), line 7",
"text": "s-HASH-m-ib*Z1:p-w-D:a:r:f-zH:Z1*pr-x:p-p:t-w-Z2ss:H_SPACE-mi-i-n:t*y:ib*Z1-x*t:f:z-\n-gm:Tz-z:W*A2-ti-sw-w-m-gm:D3-nb:s*Aa18-r:t*A2-mH:Y1:ib*Z1-i-ti-i-i-A23\ns[ḏ]m jb pw ḏꜥr.f zḥ ḫppwt mj ntj jb ḫft.s gm ṯz tj sw m gm-wš nb sꜣrt mḥ-jb jty",
"translation": "He is one who listens to the mind when he investigates the counsel of strange things no less than that with which the mind accords, one who finds the expression when it is found blank, a possessor of wisdom, the confidant of the sovereign, […]",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"intellect, understanding, mind, capacity for thought"
],
"links": [
[
"intellect",
"intellect"
],
[
"understanding",
"understanding"
],
[
"mind",
"mind"
],
[
"capacity",
"capacity"
],
[
"thought",
"thought"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"conscience, moral sense"
],
"links": [
[
"conscience",
"conscience"
],
[
"moral",
"moral"
],
[
"sense",
"sense"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Egyptian terms with collocations"
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_roman_offsets": [
[
4,
6
]
],
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
15,
17
],
[
30,
34
]
],
"bold_translation_offsets": [
[
10,
14
]
],
"english": "to do the will of",
"roman": "jrj jb",
"tags": [
"collocation"
],
"text": "ir-ib:Z1",
"translation": "to do the will of",
"type": "example"
},
{
"bold_roman_offsets": [
[
2,
4
]
],
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
14,
16
],
[
38,
42
]
],
"bold_translation_offsets": [
[
17,
21
]
],
"english": "according to his wish",
"roman": "n jb.f",
"tags": [
"collocation"
],
"text": "n-ib:Z1-f",
"translation": "according to his wish",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"intention, will"
],
"links": [
[
"intention",
"intention"
],
[
"will",
"will"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Egyptian terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "If you drink with a drunkard, you should partake when his heart is satisfied.",
"ref": "c. 1900 BCE, The Instructions of Kagemni (pPrisse/pBN 183) lines 1.8–1.9",
"roman": "jr swrj.k ḥnꜥ tḫw šzp.k jw jb.f ḥtp.w",
"text": "i-r-s-wr-r-i-A2-k\\-H-n:a-t:x-w-W22-A1-O43-p-a:k\\-i-w-ib-Z1-f-Htp:t-p-w-Y1",
"translation": "If you drink with a drunkard, you should partake when his heart is satisfied.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"english": "One who is averted of face against feeding the heart (i.e. one who doesn’t indulge himself), the harsh man has to be more kindly to him than his (own) mother.",
"ref": "c. 1900 BCE, The Instructions of Kagemni (pPrisse/pBN 183) lines 1.11–1.12",
"text": "x-r-r-M6-nDs:n-Hr-Z1-r-d:f-A-G42-Y1-ib-Z1-\n-i-mA-A-m-iAm-Y1:n-f-k\\-A-h-s-E21-A24-r-mwt-t*B1:f\nḫr (tw)r n(j) ḥr r dfꜣ jb jmꜣ n.f kꜣhs r mwt.f",
"translation": "One who is averted of face against feeding the heart (i.e. one who doesn’t indulge himself), the harsh man has to be more kindly to him than his (own) mother.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"appetite; will or desire for gratification"
],
"links": [
[
"appetite",
"appetite"
],
[
"will",
"will"
],
[
"desire",
"desire"
],
[
"gratification",
"gratification"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Egyptian terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "Then, (as for) His Majesty, his mood fell into a bad state over this. Then Djedi said, Now what is this mood, O sovereign (life, prosperity, health!), my lord?",
"ref": "c. 1650 BCE – 1550 BCE, Tales from Papyrus Westcar (pWestcar/pBerlin 3033) lines 9.12–9.13",
"text": "wn:n-i-n-Hm-Z1-G7-f-ib-Z1-f-N31:r-Dw-W:t-nDs:Z2-Hr:r-s-\n-D:d-i-n-Dd-Dd-i-Y1:A1-p:t*y-tr-A2-i-r:f-G41-A-ib-Z1-i-A2-ti-i-i-G7-anx-DA-s-nb-G7-A1\nwn.jn ḥm.f jb.f wꜣ(.w) r ḏwt ḥr.s dḏ.jn ḏdj ptj jr.f pꜣ jb j (j)ty ꜥnḫ wḏꜣ snb nb.j",
"translation": "Then, (as for) His Majesty, his mood fell into a bad state over this. Then Djedi said, Now what is this mood, O sovereign (life, prosperity, health!), my lord?",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"english": "He found Ruddjedet sitting, her head on her knees and her mood worse than anything. Then he said to her, My lady, why are you engaging in this mood?",
"ref": "c. 1650 BCE – 1550 BCE, Tales from Papyrus Westcar (pWestcar/pBerlin 3033) lines 12.20–12.22",
"text": "gm-m-n:f-r:d-rwD-Y1-Dd-d:t*B1-N41:z-A7-ti-i-\n-tp-Z1-s-Hr-Z1-U1-A-st-t-rd-s-ib-Z1-s-Dw-Z9:nDs-r-x:t-Y1:Z2-nb:t-\n-aHa-a:n-D&d:n-f-n:z-H-nw:t-B1:A1-ir:r-t-G41-A-ib-Z1-Hr-Z1-m:a\ngm.n.f rwd-ḏdt ḥms.tj tp.s ḥr mꜣst.s jb.s ḏw(.w) r ḫt nbt ꜥḥꜥ.n ḏd.n.f n.s ḥnwt.j jrr.t pꜣ jb ḥr mj",
"translation": "He found Ruddjedet sitting, her head on her knees and her mood worse than anything. Then he said to her, My lady, why are you engaging in this mood?",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"mood, emotional state"
],
"links": [
[
"mood",
"mood"
],
[
"emotional",
"emotional"
],
[
"state",
"state"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/jib/",
"note": "reconstructed"
},
{
"ipa": "/jib/",
"note": "reconstructed"
},
{
"ipa": "/ʔeb/",
"note": "reconstructed"
},
{
"ipa": "/ʔep/",
"note": "reconstructed"
},
{
"ipa": "/jib/",
"note": "Old Egyptian, c. 2350 BCE"
},
{
"ipa": "/jib/",
"note": "Middle Egyptian, c. 1700 BCE"
},
{
"ipa": "/ʔeb/",
"note": "Amarna-period Late Egyptian, c. 1350 BCE"
},
{
"ipa": "/ʔep/",
"note": "Late Egyptian, c. 800 BCE"
},
{
"ipa": "/ib/",
"note": "modern Egyptological"
}
],
"word": "jb"
}
{
"categories": [
"Egyptian entries with incorrect language header",
"Egyptian lemmas",
"Egyptian masculine nouns",
"Egyptian nouns",
"Egyptian strong biliteral verbs",
"Egyptian terms derived from Proto-Afroasiatic",
"Egyptian terms inherited from Proto-Afroasiatic",
"Egyptian terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Egyptian terms with reconstructed Amarna-period Late Egyptian IPA pronunciation",
"Egyptian terms with reconstructed IPA pronunciation",
"Egyptian terms with reconstructed Late Egyptian IPA pronunciation",
"Egyptian terms with reconstructed Middle Egyptian IPA pronunciation",
"Egyptian terms with reconstructed Old Egyptian IPA pronunciation",
"Egyptian verbs",
"Pages with 3 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"egy:Anatomy",
"egy:Baby animals"
],
"etymology_number": "1",
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "egy",
"2": "afa-pro",
"3": "*lib-",
"t": "heart"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Afroasiatic *lib- (“heart”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sem-pro",
"2": "*libb-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Semitic *libb-",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "<span class=\"cited-source\">Loprieno, Antonio (<span class=\"None\" lang=\"und\">1995), <cite>Ancient Egyptian: A Linguistic Introduction</cite>, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, <small>→ISBN</small>, page 31</span></span>",
"name": "Loprieno"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "ref"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ber-pro",
"2": "*ulβ"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Berber *ulβ",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Speculatively, from Proto-Afroasiatic *lib- (“heart”); however, there is no scholarly consensus on sound correspondences between Egyptian and other Afroasiatic languages. If so, perhaps cognate with Proto-Semitic *libb- and Proto-Berber *ulβ.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "ib:Z1 2-lit.",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "archaic perfect perfective",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "egy-conj-2-lit",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "jb",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "jbw",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"infinitive",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "jb",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"infinitive",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "jbt",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "jb",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"infinitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "j.jb",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"infinitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "jb",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"infinitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "j.jb",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"infinitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "archaic perfect perfective",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "egy-conj-2-lit",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "jb",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"stative"
]
},
{
"form": "ḥr jb",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
]
},
{
"form": "m jb",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
]
},
{
"form": "r jb",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"prospective"
]
},
{
"form": "archaic perfect perfective",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "egy-conj-2-lit",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "jb.n",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"perfect"
]
},
{
"form": "jbw",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"passive",
"perfect"
]
},
{
"form": "jb",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"passive",
"perfect"
]
},
{
"form": "jb.jn",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"consecutive",
"contingent"
]
},
{
"form": "active + .tj¹, .tw",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"consecutive",
"contingent",
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "active + .tj¹, .tw",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"passive",
"perfect"
]
},
{
"form": "jbt",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"terminative"
]
},
{
"form": "jb",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"perfective"
]
},
{
"form": "active + .tj¹, .tw",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"passive",
"perfective"
]
},
{
"form": "jb.ḫr",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"obligative"
]
},
{
"form": "active + .tj¹, .tw",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"obligative",
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "jb",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"imperfective"
]
},
{
"form": "j.jb",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"imperfective"
]
},
{
"form": "active + .tj¹, .tw",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"imperfective",
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "jb",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"prospective"
]
},
{
"form": "jbb",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"passive",
"prospective"
]
},
{
"form": "jb.kꜣ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"potential"
]
},
{
"form": "active + .tj¹, .tw",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"passive",
"potential"
]
},
{
"form": "active + .tj¹, .tw",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"passive",
"prospective"
]
},
{
"form": "jb",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "j.jb",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "active + .tj¹, .tw",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"passive",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "archaic perfect perfective",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "egy-conj-2-lit",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "jb.n",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"participle",
"perfect",
"relative"
]
},
{
"form": "active + .tj¹, .tw",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"participle",
"passive",
"perfect",
"relative"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"participle",
"perfect"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"participle",
"passive",
"perfect"
]
},
{
"form": "jb",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"participle",
"perfective",
"relative"
]
},
{
"form": "active + .tj¹, .tw",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"participle",
"passive",
"perfective",
"relative"
]
},
{
"form": "jb",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"participle",
"perfective"
]
},
{
"form": "jbb",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"participle",
"passive",
"perfective"
]
},
{
"form": "jbbj",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"participle",
"passive",
"perfective"
]
},
{
"form": "jb",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"participle",
"passive",
"perfective"
]
},
{
"form": "jbw",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"participle",
"passive",
"perfective"
]
},
{
"form": "jby",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"participle",
"passive",
"perfective"
]
},
{
"form": "j.jb",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"imperfective",
"participle",
"relative"
]
},
{
"form": "jb",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"imperfective",
"participle",
"relative"
]
},
{
"form": "jby",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"imperfective",
"participle",
"relative"
]
},
{
"form": "jbw",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"imperfective",
"participle",
"relative"
]
},
{
"form": "active + .tj¹, .tw",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"imperfective",
"participle",
"passive",
"relative"
]
},
{
"form": "j.jb",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"imperfective",
"participle"
]
},
{
"form": "j.jbw",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"imperfective",
"participle"
]
},
{
"form": "jb",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"imperfective",
"participle"
]
},
{
"form": "jbj",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"imperfective",
"participle"
]
},
{
"form": "jby",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"imperfective",
"participle"
]
},
{
"form": "jb",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"imperfective",
"participle",
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "jbw",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"imperfective",
"participle",
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "jb",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"participle",
"prospective",
"relative"
]
},
{
"form": "jbtj",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"participle",
"prospective",
"relative"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"participle",
"passive",
"prospective",
"relative"
]
},
{
"form": "jbtj",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"participle",
"prospective"
]
},
{
"form": "jbt",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"participle",
"prospective"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "egy",
"2": "verbs",
"cat2": "",
"head": "<hiero>ib:Z1</hiero>"
},
"expansion": "ib:Z1",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "2-lit",
"head": "ib:Z1"
},
"expansion": "ib:Z1 2-lit.",
"name": "egy-verb"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "jb",
"2": "jbb"
},
"name": "egy-conj-2-lit"
},
{
"args": {
"cnsv": "jb.jn",
"comp-inf": "jbt",
"gem": "jbb",
"head": "jb",
"imp": "jb, j.jb",
"inf": "jb",
"intr": "",
"ipfv": "jb, j.jb1",
"ipfv-m": "m jb",
"ipfv-ptcp": "j.jb1, j.jbw1 5, jb, jbj6, jby6",
"ipfv-ptcp-pass": "jb, jbw5",
"ipfv-rel": "j.jb1, jb, jby, jbw5",
"ipfv-ḥr": "ḥr jb",
"neg-comp": "jbw, jb",
"notes": "⁵ Only in the masculine singular.\n⁶ Only in the masculine.\n⁷ Only in the feminine.",
"oblv": "jb.ḫr",
"pass": "jbw, jb",
"pfv": "jb",
"pfv-ptcp": "jb",
"pfv-ptcp-pass": "jbb, jbbj6, jb2, jbw2 5, jby2 5",
"pfv-rel": "jb",
"pot": "jb.kꜣ",
"prf": "jb.n",
"prf-rel": "jb.n",
"pros": "jb",
"pros-pass": "jbb",
"pros-ptcp": "jbtj4, jbt4",
"pros-r": "r jb",
"pros-rel": "jb, jbtj7",
"sbjv": "jb, j.jb1",
"stat": "jb",
"stem": "jb",
"term": "jbt",
"type": "biliteral / 2-lit. / 2rad."
},
"name": "egy-conj-table"
}
],
"lang": "Egyptian",
"lang_code": "egy",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"attestations": [
{
"date": "since Middle Kingdom literature",
"references": []
}
],
"categories": [
"Egyptian intransitive verbs",
"Egyptian terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "I intend to save Egypt and smite the Asiatics.",
"ref": "c. 1552 BCE, Kamose, Carnarvon Tablet I (Cairo JE 41790)",
"text": "ib-Z1-A1-r-n:N42-m-A24-km-m-t:niwt-H-t:D40-T14-m-W-A14:Z2ss\njb.j r nḥm kmt ḥ(w)t ꜥꜣmw",
"translation": "I intend to save Egypt and smite the Asiatics.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to wish to, to intend to (do something)"
],
"links": [
[
"r",
"r#Egyptian"
],
[
"wish",
"wish"
],
[
"intend",
"intend"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(intransitive, with r) to wish to, to intend to (do something)"
],
"raw_tags": [
"with r"
],
"tags": [
"intransitive"
]
},
{
"attestations": [
{
"date": "since Middle Kingdom literature",
"references": []
}
],
"categories": [
"Egyptian intransitive verbs"
],
"glosses": [
"to wish for, to want, to desire (something)"
],
"links": [
[
"r",
"r#Egyptian"
],
[
"wish",
"wish"
],
[
"want",
"want"
],
[
"desire",
"desire"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(intransitive, with r) to wish for, to want, to desire (something)"
],
"raw_tags": [
"with r"
],
"tags": [
"intransitive"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/jib/",
"note": "reconstructed"
},
{
"ipa": "/jib/",
"note": "reconstructed"
},
{
"ipa": "/ʔeb/",
"note": "reconstructed"
},
{
"ipa": "/ʔep/",
"note": "reconstructed"
},
{
"ipa": "/jib/",
"note": "Old Egyptian, c. 2350 BCE"
},
{
"ipa": "/jib/",
"note": "Middle Egyptian, c. 1700 BCE"
},
{
"ipa": "/ʔeb/",
"note": "Amarna-period Late Egyptian, c. 1350 BCE"
},
{
"ipa": "/ʔep/",
"note": "Late Egyptian, c. 800 BCE"
},
{
"ipa": "/ib/",
"note": "modern Egyptological"
}
],
"word": "jb"
}
{
"categories": [
"Egyptian entries with incorrect language header",
"Egyptian lemmas",
"Egyptian masculine nouns",
"Egyptian nouns",
"Egyptian strong biliteral verbs",
"Egyptian terms derived from Proto-Afroasiatic",
"Egyptian terms inherited from Proto-Afroasiatic",
"Egyptian terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Egyptian terms with reconstructed Amarna-period Late Egyptian IPA pronunciation",
"Egyptian terms with reconstructed IPA pronunciation",
"Egyptian terms with reconstructed Late Egyptian IPA pronunciation",
"Egyptian terms with reconstructed Middle Egyptian IPA pronunciation",
"Egyptian terms with reconstructed Old Egyptian IPA pronunciation",
"Egyptian verbs",
"Pages with 3 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"egy:Anatomy",
"egy:Baby animals"
],
"etymology_number": "1",
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "egy",
"2": "afa-pro",
"3": "*lib-",
"t": "heart"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Afroasiatic *lib- (“heart”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sem-pro",
"2": "*libb-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Semitic *libb-",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "<span class=\"cited-source\">Loprieno, Antonio (<span class=\"None\" lang=\"und\">1995), <cite>Ancient Egyptian: A Linguistic Introduction</cite>, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, <small>→ISBN</small>, page 31</span></span>",
"name": "Loprieno"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "ref"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ber-pro",
"2": "*ulβ"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Berber *ulβ",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Speculatively, from Proto-Afroasiatic *lib- (“heart”); however, there is no scholarly consensus on sound correspondences between Egyptian and other Afroasiatic languages. If so, perhaps cognate with Proto-Semitic *libb- and Proto-Berber *ulβ.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "i-b-E8-A2 2-lit.",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "archaic perfect perfective",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "egy-conj-2-lit",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "jb",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "jbw",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"infinitive",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "jb",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"infinitive",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "jbt",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "jb",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"infinitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "j.jb",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"infinitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "jb",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"infinitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "j.jb",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"infinitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "archaic perfect perfective",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "egy-conj-2-lit",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "jb",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"stative"
]
},
{
"form": "ḥr jb",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
]
},
{
"form": "m jb",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
]
},
{
"form": "r jb",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"prospective"
]
},
{
"form": "archaic perfect perfective",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "egy-conj-2-lit",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "jb.n",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"perfect"
]
},
{
"form": "jbw",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"passive",
"perfect"
]
},
{
"form": "jb",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"passive",
"perfect"
]
},
{
"form": "jb.jn",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"consecutive",
"contingent"
]
},
{
"form": "active + .tj¹, .tw",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"consecutive",
"contingent",
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "active + .tj¹, .tw",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"passive",
"perfect"
]
},
{
"form": "jbt",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"terminative"
]
},
{
"form": "jb",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"perfective"
]
},
{
"form": "active + .tj¹, .tw",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"passive",
"perfective"
]
},
{
"form": "jb.ḫr",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"obligative"
]
},
{
"form": "active + .tj¹, .tw",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"obligative",
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "jb",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"imperfective"
]
},
{
"form": "j.jb",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"imperfective"
]
},
{
"form": "active + .tj¹, .tw",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"imperfective",
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "jb",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"prospective"
]
},
{
"form": "jbb",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"passive",
"prospective"
]
},
{
"form": "jb.kꜣ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"potential"
]
},
{
"form": "active + .tj¹, .tw",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"passive",
"potential"
]
},
{
"form": "active + .tj¹, .tw",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"passive",
"prospective"
]
},
{
"form": "jb",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "j.jb",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "active + .tj¹, .tw",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"passive",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "archaic perfect perfective",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "egy-conj-2-lit",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "jb.n",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"participle",
"perfect",
"relative"
]
},
{
"form": "active + .tj¹, .tw",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"participle",
"passive",
"perfect",
"relative"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"participle",
"perfect"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"participle",
"passive",
"perfect"
]
},
{
"form": "jb",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"participle",
"perfective",
"relative"
]
},
{
"form": "active + .tj¹, .tw",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"participle",
"passive",
"perfective",
"relative"
]
},
{
"form": "jb",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"participle",
"perfective"
]
},
{
"form": "jbb",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"participle",
"passive",
"perfective"
]
},
{
"form": "jbbj",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"participle",
"passive",
"perfective"
]
},
{
"form": "jb",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"participle",
"passive",
"perfective"
]
},
{
"form": "jbw",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"participle",
"passive",
"perfective"
]
},
{
"form": "jby",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"participle",
"passive",
"perfective"
]
},
{
"form": "j.jb",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"imperfective",
"participle",
"relative"
]
},
{
"form": "jb",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"imperfective",
"participle",
"relative"
]
},
{
"form": "jby",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"imperfective",
"participle",
"relative"
]
},
{
"form": "jbw",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"imperfective",
"participle",
"relative"
]
},
{
"form": "active + .tj¹, .tw",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"imperfective",
"participle",
"passive",
"relative"
]
},
{
"form": "j.jb",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"imperfective",
"participle"
]
},
{
"form": "j.jbw",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"imperfective",
"participle"
]
},
{
"form": "jb",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"imperfective",
"participle"
]
},
{
"form": "jbj",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"imperfective",
"participle"
]
},
{
"form": "jby",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"imperfective",
"participle"
]
},
{
"form": "jb",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"imperfective",
"participle",
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "jbw",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"imperfective",
"participle",
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "jb",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"participle",
"prospective",
"relative"
]
},
{
"form": "jbtj",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"participle",
"prospective",
"relative"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"participle",
"passive",
"prospective",
"relative"
]
},
{
"form": "jbtj",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"participle",
"prospective"
]
},
{
"form": "jbt",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"participle",
"prospective"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "egy",
"2": "verbs",
"cat2": "",
"head": "<hiero>i-b-E8-A2</hiero>"
},
"expansion": "i-b-E8-A2",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "2-lit",
"head": "i-b-E8-A2"
},
"expansion": "i-b-E8-A2 2-lit.",
"name": "egy-verb"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "jb",
"2": "jbb"
},
"name": "egy-conj-2-lit"
},
{
"args": {
"cnsv": "jb.jn",
"comp-inf": "jbt",
"gem": "jbb",
"head": "jb",
"imp": "jb, j.jb",
"inf": "jb",
"intr": "",
"ipfv": "jb, j.jb1",
"ipfv-m": "m jb",
"ipfv-ptcp": "j.jb1, j.jbw1 5, jb, jbj6, jby6",
"ipfv-ptcp-pass": "jb, jbw5",
"ipfv-rel": "j.jb1, jb, jby, jbw5",
"ipfv-ḥr": "ḥr jb",
"neg-comp": "jbw, jb",
"notes": "⁵ Only in the masculine singular.\n⁶ Only in the masculine.\n⁷ Only in the feminine.",
"oblv": "jb.ḫr",
"pass": "jbw, jb",
"pfv": "jb",
"pfv-ptcp": "jb",
"pfv-ptcp-pass": "jbb, jbbj6, jb2, jbw2 5, jby2 5",
"pfv-rel": "jb",
"pot": "jb.kꜣ",
"prf": "jb.n",
"prf-rel": "jb.n",
"pros": "jb",
"pros-pass": "jbb",
"pros-ptcp": "jbtj4, jbt4",
"pros-r": "r jb",
"pros-rel": "jb, jbtj7",
"sbjv": "jb, j.jb1",
"stat": "jb",
"stem": "jb",
"term": "jbt",
"type": "biliteral / 2-lit. / 2rad."
},
"name": "egy-conj-table"
}
],
"lang": "Egyptian",
"lang_code": "egy",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"attestations": [
{
"date": "since Middle Kingdom literature",
"references": []
}
],
"categories": [
"Egyptian terms with quotations",
"Egyptian transitive verbs"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "I thought, ‘It is a wave of the sea.’",
"ref": "c. 2000 BCE – 1900 BCE, Tale of the Shipwrecked Sailor (pHermitage/pPetersburg 1115) lines 57–59",
"text": "i-b-E8-k\\-w-A1-wA-A-w-mw-p*W:n-M14-wr-r:N36\njb.kw wꜣw pw n(j) wꜣḏ-wr",
"translation": "I thought, ‘It is a wave of the sea.’",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to think, to suppose"
],
"links": [
[
"think",
"think"
],
[
"suppose",
"suppose"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) to think, to suppose"
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/jib/",
"note": "reconstructed"
},
{
"ipa": "/jib/",
"note": "reconstructed"
},
{
"ipa": "/ʔeb/",
"note": "reconstructed"
},
{
"ipa": "/ʔep/",
"note": "reconstructed"
},
{
"ipa": "/jib/",
"note": "Old Egyptian, c. 2350 BCE"
},
{
"ipa": "/jib/",
"note": "Middle Egyptian, c. 1700 BCE"
},
{
"ipa": "/ʔeb/",
"note": "Amarna-period Late Egyptian, c. 1350 BCE"
},
{
"ipa": "/ʔep/",
"note": "Late Egyptian, c. 800 BCE"
},
{
"ipa": "/ib/",
"note": "modern Egyptological"
}
],
"word": "jb"
}
{
"categories": [
"Egyptian entries with incorrect language header",
"Egyptian lemmas",
"Egyptian masculine nouns",
"Egyptian nouns",
"Egyptian terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Pages with 3 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"egy:Anatomy",
"egy:Baby animals"
],
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Demotic Egyptian",
"lang_code": "egx-dem",
"word": "yb"
}
],
"etymology_number": "2",
"forms": [
{
"form": "i-b-E8-F27",
"tags": [
"canonical",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"form": "masculine",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "multilink",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "jb",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "jbwj",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "jbw",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "egy",
"2": "nouns",
"3": "",
"g": "m",
"g2": "",
"head": "<hiero>i-b-E8-F27</hiero>"
},
"expansion": "i-b-E8-F27 m",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "m",
"head": "i-b-E8-F27"
},
"expansion": "i-b-E8-F27 m",
"name": "egy-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Egyptian",
"lang_code": "egy",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"attestations": [
{
"date": "Middle Kingdom literature and 18th Dynasty",
"references": []
}
],
"glosses": [
"goat kid"
],
"links": [
[
"goat",
"goat"
],
[
"kid",
"kid"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ib/",
"note": "modern Egyptological"
}
],
"word": "jb"
}
{
"categories": [
"Egyptian entries with incorrect language header",
"Egyptian lemmas",
"Egyptian masculine nouns",
"Egyptian nouns",
"Egyptian terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Pages with 3 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"egy:Anatomy",
"egy:Baby animals"
],
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Demotic Egyptian",
"lang_code": "egx-dem",
"word": "jb"
}
],
"etymology_number": "3",
"etymology_text": "Nominalization of the perfective active participle of jbj (“to be(come) thirsty”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "i-b-E8-A2-A1",
"tags": [
"canonical",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"form": "masculine",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "multilink",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "jb",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "jbwj",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "jbw",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "egy",
"2": "nouns",
"3": "",
"g": "m",
"g2": "",
"head": "<hiero>i-b-E8-A2-A1</hiero>"
},
"expansion": "i-b-E8-A2-A1 m",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "m",
"head": "i-b-E8-A2-A1"
},
"expansion": "i-b-E8-A2-A1 m",
"name": "egy-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Egyptian",
"lang_code": "egy",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"thirsty man"
],
"links": [
[
"thirsty",
"thirsty"
],
[
"man",
"man"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ib/",
"note": "modern Egyptological"
}
],
"word": "jb"
}
{
"categories": [
"Egyptian entries with incorrect language header",
"Egyptian lemmas",
"Egyptian masculine nouns",
"Egyptian nouns",
"Egyptian strong triliteral verbs",
"Egyptian terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Egyptian verbs",
"Pages with 3 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"egy:Anatomy",
"egy:Baby animals"
],
"etymology_number": "4",
"forms": [
{
"form": "i-b-A32 3-lit.",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "egy",
"2": "verbs",
"cat2": "",
"head": "<hiero>i-b-A32</hiero>"
},
"expansion": "i-b-A32",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "3-lit",
"head": "i-b-A32"
},
"expansion": "i-b-A32 3-lit.",
"name": "egy-verb"
}
],
"lang": "Egyptian",
"lang_code": "egy",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"extra": "to dance",
"word": "jbꜣ"
}
],
"attestations": [
{
"date": "18th Dynasty",
"references": []
}
],
"glosses": [
"alternative form of jbꜣ (“to dance”)"
],
"links": [
[
"jbꜣ",
"jbꜣ#Egyptian"
]
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"alternative"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ib/",
"note": "modern Egyptological"
}
],
"word": "jb"
}
{
"categories": [
"Egyptian entries with incorrect language header",
"Egyptian lemmas",
"Egyptian masculine nouns",
"Egyptian nouns",
"Egyptian terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Pages with 3 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"egy:Anatomy",
"egy:Baby animals"
],
"etymology_number": "5",
"forms": [
{
"form": "i-b-pr",
"tags": [
"canonical",
"masculine"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "egy",
"2": "nouns",
"3": "",
"g": "m",
"g2": "",
"head": "<hiero>i-b-pr</hiero>"
},
"expansion": "i-b-pr m",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "m",
"head": "i-b-pr"
},
"expansion": "i-b-pr m",
"name": "egy-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Egyptian",
"lang_code": "egy",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"extra": "refuge",
"word": "jbw"
}
],
"glosses": [
"alternative form of jbw (“refuge”)"
],
"links": [
[
"jbw",
"jbw#Egyptian"
]
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"alternative"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ib/",
"note": "modern Egyptological"
}
],
"word": "jb"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 3 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"egy:Anatomy",
"egy:Baby animals"
],
"forms": [
{
"form": "jbs",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "-",
"2": "s"
},
"expansion": "jb (usually uncountable, plural jbs)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"word": "jailbait"
}
],
"categories": [
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English initialisms",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English uncountable nouns",
"English words spelled without vowels",
"Pages with 3 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"glosses": [
"Initialism of jailbait."
],
"links": [
[
"jailbait",
"jailbait#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"abbreviation",
"alt-of",
"initialism",
"uncountable",
"usually"
]
}
],
"word": "jb"
}
Download raw JSONL data for jb meaning in All languages combined (39.1kB)
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/1147",
"msg": "suspicious related form tags ['masculine', 'canonical']: 'ib:Z1' in 'ib:Z1 m'",
"path": [
"jb"
],
"section": "Egyptian",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "jb",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/1147",
"msg": "suspicious related form tags ['canonical']: 'ib:Z1 2-lit.' in 'ib:Z1 2-lit.'",
"path": [
"jb"
],
"section": "Egyptian",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "jb",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2026-09-20 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2026-09-02 using wiktextract (d6fca27 and 65e1673). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.